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Table of correlatives (Esperanto)
Totally Explained
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Everything about Table Of Correlatives Esperanto totally explained
Esperanto uses a system known as a table of correlatives to allow certain correlatives to be structurally similar in a logical way. A correlative is a word used to ask or answer a question of who, where, what, when, or how. For instance, the words ĉio (everything) and nenio (nothing) both use the -o suffix, which signifies an object or thing. Likewise, the words kiam (when) and kiu (who or which) both use the ki- prefix, which identifies them as interrogative words. In this fashion, 45 different Esperanto words are determined, each set out in a systematic manner that correlates a basic idea (quantity, manner, time, etc.) to a function (questioning, indicating, negating, etc.)
Full Table of Correlatives
Table of
Correlatives | Question
(What) |
Indication
(This, that) |
Indefinite
(Some) |
Universal
(Each, every) |
Negative
(No) |
| ki– |
ti– |
i– |
ĉi– |
neni– |
| Thing |
–o | kio
(what) |
tio
(this, that) |
io
(something) |
ĉio
(everything) |
nenio
(nothing)
|
| Individual |
–u | kiu
(who, which one; which [horse]) |
tiu
(that one; that [horse]) |
iu
(someone; some [horse]) |
ĉiu
(everyone; each [horse], all [horses]) |
neniu
(no one; no [horse])
|
| Association |
–es | kies
(whose) |
ties
(that one's) |
ies
(someone's) |
ĉies
(everyone's) |
nenies
(no one's)
|
| Quality |
–a | kia
(what a) |
tia
(such a) |
ia
(some sort of) |
ĉia
(every kind of) |
nenia
(no kind of)
|
| Place |
–e | kie
(where) |
tie
(there) |
ie
(somewhere) |
ĉie
(everywhere) |
nenie
(nowhere)
|
| Manner |
–el | kiel
(how, as) |
tiel
(thus, as) |
iel
(somehow) |
ĉiel
(in every way) |
neniel
(no-how, in no way)
|
| Reason |
–al | kial
(why) |
tial
(therefore) |
ial
(for some reason) |
ĉial
(for all reasons) |
nenial
(for no reason)
|
| Time |
–am | kiam
(when) |
tiam
(then) |
iam
(sometime) |
ĉiam
(always) |
neniam
(never)
|
| Amount |
–om | kiom
(how much) |
tiom
(that much) |
iom
(some, a bit) |
ĉiom
(all of it) |
neniom
(none)
|
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